In a large bowl, whisk together flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
In another bowl, mix buttermilk, egg, melted butter, and vanilla extract until combined.
Pour wet ingredients into dry ingredients and stir gently until just combined. Do not overmix.
Heat a non-stick pan or griddle over medium heat and lightly grease with butter.
Pour about ¼ cup batter for each pancake onto the pan.
Cook until bubbles form on the surface and edges look set.
Flip and cook the other side for 1-2 minutes until golden brown.
Serve warm with syrup, butter, or toppings of your choice.